案历：赵常青
2016年6月29日，人权捍卫者徐彩虹女士、李尉先生、马新立先生和梁太平先生在北京被保释。赵常青先生和张宝成先生仍被单独监禁。
2016年5月31日，人权捍卫者赵常青先生、张宝成先生、徐彩虹女士在北京被警方拘留。据信，他们被拘留都是因为私下纪念1989年民主运动遭军队镇压27周年。另外四名参与纪念的人权捍卫者至今下落不明。2015年10月16日，赵常青在服完了两年半徒刑之后出狱。2014年4月18日，他被判刑，罪名是“非法集会”。
赵常青是一位人权捍卫者，因为从事推动民主、政治改革和反对腐败的活动，曾四度遭监禁。1989年，北京天安门镇压后，赵常青被关押四个月。镇压发生后，赵常青开始收集军队屠杀示威者的具体证据，6月7日士兵拦住他搜查，发现了他的笔记，殴打并拘留了他。1998年，他以独立候选人的身份，参与地方选举，被以 “危害国家安全罪”判处三年监禁。2002年，他组织请愿，呼吁政治改革，被以 “煽动颠覆国家政权罪”判处五年监禁。2014年，因参与新公民运动，他再次获刑两年半。新公民运动是公民个体的松散联合，要求中国共产党官员公示财产，教育系统更加平等，以及建立宪政。
2016年6月29日，人权捍卫者徐彩虹女士、李尉先生、马新立先生和梁太平先生在北京被保释。赵常青先生和张宝成先生仍被单独监禁。
徐彩虹是北京的一位人权捍卫者，由于她的人权活动，过去几年数次被拘留。她曾协助那些因权利遭践踏而前往北京向中央上访的访民，也曾参加过天安门镇压的纪念活动。
李尉由于参与新公民运动，从2013年到2015年被监禁两年。新公民运动要求中国共产党的官员更加透明化，教育系统更加平等，以及建立宪政。2012年至2013年，他在北京多次参加小规模的抗议活动，呼吁中国官员公布个人资产，因此被捕入狱。
马新立是一位人权捍卫者，参与了新公民运动，因呼吁中国官员公布个人资产，在2013年被拘留了近一年。2014年2月他被保释。
梁太平是湖南的人权捍卫者和诗人，曾参与要求释放人权捍卫者和支持香港占中抗议者的活动。
赵常青是一位人权捍卫者，曾经四度遭监禁，共计11年，都是因为他从事推动民主、法治和人权的活动。1989年，北京天安门镇压后，赵常青被关押四个月。镇压发生后，赵常青开始收集军队屠杀示威者的具体证据，当时士兵拦住他搜查时，发现了他的笔记，殴打并拘留了他。1998年，赵常青给全国人大写了一封公开信，呼吁中国共产党跟随台湾的步伐，实现民主转型，保障人权。
张宝成是新公民运动的积极参与者。2014年，他因参加示威活动而获刑两年。
前线卫士欢迎徐彩虹、李尉、马新立和梁太平被保释，敦促中国当局立即无条件释放人权捍卫者赵常青和张宝成，并撤消对他们的所有指控，因为这些指控完全基于他们合法、和平的人权工作。
2016年5月31日，人权捍卫者赵常青先生、张宝成先生、徐彩虹女士在北京被警方拘留。据信，他们被拘留都是因为私下纪念1989年民主运动遭军队镇压27周年。另外四名参与纪念的人权捍卫者至今下落不明。
赵常青是一位人权捍卫者，曾经四度遭监禁，共计11年，都是因为他从事推动民主、法治和人权的活动。1989年，北京天安门镇压后，赵常青被关押四个月。镇压发生后，赵常青开始收集军队屠杀示威者的具体证据，6月7日士兵拦住他搜查，发现了他的笔记，殴打并拘留了他。1998年，赵常青给全国人大写了一封公开信，呼吁中国共产党跟随台湾的步伐，实现民主转型，保障人权。为此，他被指控为“煽动颠覆国家政权”，入狱三年。2002年，他组织了一次签名活动，呼吁中国当局释放人权捍卫者杨建利先生，因而再次被捕，并于次年获刑五年，罪名依然是“煽动颠覆国家政权”。2011年和2012年，赵常青在北京发起了多次聚会，作为新公民运动的一部分，讨论法治、善政、教育平等，并呼吁中国当局更积极地回应中国人民的要求。由于在新公民运动中的作用，赵常青于2013年被捕，2014年被判处两年半监禁。
张宝成是新公民运动的积极参与者，新公民运动是公民个体的松散联合，要求中国共产党的官员更加透明，教育系统更加平等，以及建立宪政。 2014年，他被判处两年徒刑，因为他参加了与新公民运动有关的示威活动。
徐彩虹是北京的一位人权捍卫者，由于她的人权活动，过去几年数次被拘留。她曾协助那些因权利遭践踏而前往北京向中央上访的访民，也曾参加过天安门镇压的纪念活动。
2016年5月31日上午，赵常青被警方从北京的家中带走。同一天早晨七点半左右，张宝成离开他的住所，送妻子刘珏帆上班，两个人同时被警方拘留，并被带往当地派出所。刘珏帆不久获释，被押解回家。八点四十分左右，警察前来搜查他们的住所。两台电脑和一台摄像机被没收。据报道，2016年5月31日早晨徐彩虹也被警方拘留，关押在丰台区公安局，指控的罪名是“寻衅滋事”。据信，赵常青和张宝成也被以同样的罪名拘留，不过这一点还没有得到证实。
2016年5月28日，赵常青、张宝成、徐彩虹和其他四位人权捍卫者在赵常青的家中私下悼念1989年天安门大屠杀的死难者，正值六四（6月3、4日）镇压27周年前夕。活动结束后，参与者在网上张贴了一张照片，照片中他们坐在纪念天安门的海报前，呼吁释放人权捍卫者同仁郭飞雄和于世文。据报道，其他四位参与者李尉、马新立、梁太平、李美青女士，自2016年5月31日上午已经失去联系。
前线卫士敦促中国当局：
1.立即无条件释放人权捍卫者赵常青、张宝成、徐彩虹，撤销对他们的所有指控，因为他们做的完全是合法、和平的工作，捍卫人权;
2.通知赵常青和张宝成的家属他们被拘留的地点，允许赵常青、张宝成、许徐彩虹可以立即且不受限制地与自己选择的律师见面;
3.通知李尉先生、马新立先生、梁太平先生、李美青女士的家属有关他们的下落，因为他们也可能被警方拘留，让他们可以立即且不受限制地与律师见面；
4.确保所有以上提到的人权捍卫者在拘留期间的待遇，符合联合国大会1988年12月9日第43/173号决议《保护所有遭受任何形式拘留或监禁者的原则》;
5.停止打压中国所有人权捍卫者，保障他们可以在任何情况下从事其合法的人权活动，免于报复的恐惧，也不受任何限制。
On 18 April 2014, human rights defenders Messrs Ding Jiaxi and Zhao Changqing were sentenced to 3.5 years and 2.5 years' imprisonment respectively, while Messrs Li Wei and Zhang Baocheng were both given prison sentences of 2 years.
The four human rights defenders were convicted of “illegal assembly” over their role in small-scale demonstrations associated with the New Citizens Movement.
The four human rights defenders were convicted of "gathering a crowd to disturb public order." They were arrested and charged in Beijing in late March and early April of 2013. The trials against the human rights defenders began on 8 April 2014, and the attorneys of Ding Jiaxi and Li Wei left the proceedings on 9 April 2014 in protest at the procedures, which they perceived to be unfair. Ding Jiaxi's lawyer was not permitted to enter the court on the day of the sentencing. Reportedly, a number of foreign diplomats were denied entry to the hearings.
The human rights defenders were among more than a dozen anti-corruption activists detained last year in Beijing and Jiangxi Province after participating in or organising demonstrations calling for government officials to publicly disclose their assets. Mr Xu Zhiyong, considered to be the leader of the movement, was sentenced to four years in jail on 26 January 2014 having been found guilty of “gathering crowds to disrupt public order”. On 29 January 2014 Mr Yuan Dong was sentenced to 18 months in prison on a similar charge, while Ms Hou Xin was also found guitly but did not receive a sentence. Many more human rights defenders affiliated with the movement remain in detention, in allegedly dire conditions, as they await trial on charges such as “illegal assembly,” “inciting subversion of state power,” “disturbing social order,” and “extortion.” Although Article 35 of the Chinese Constitution guarantees citizens’ right to assembly, the 1989 Law on Assembly, Procession, and Demonstration (the Assembly Law), and the 1992 implementing regulations, outline a series of restrictive requirements that in application effectively bar citizens from exercising the right. Under the regulations, all demonstrations must be approved by the police; however, in practice, police in China rarely approve public protests, particularly those that seem likely to be critical of the government. In some instances, people who apply for approval are not only denied permission, but are also harassed or detained for making the application.
Front Line Defenders expresses its concern at the sentencing of Ding Jiaxi, Zhao Changqing, Li Wei and Zhang Baocheng, as it is solely related to their legitimate and peaceful human rights work. Front Line Defenders raised concerns regarding the judicial harassment faced by anti-corruption activists in China on 10 June 2013.
More than a dozen anti-corruption activists in Beijing and Jiangxi Province were detained between late March and late May after participating in or organizing demonstrations calling for government officials to publicly disclose their assets, China Human Rights Lawyers Concern Group, Committee to Support Chinese Lawyers, Front Line Defenders, Human Rights Watch, and Independent Chinese PEN said today. The Chinese government should release the anticorruption activists and drop all charges against them, the organizations said.
Since May 7, 10 of the 15 have been formally arrested, indicating that they are likely to be prosecuted and convicted. The charges against the 15 include “illegal assembly,” “inciting subversion of state power,” “disturbing social order,” and “extortion.” The crime of inciting subversion carries up to 15 years in prison, while the other crimes have an upward penalty of five years in prison.
“When President Xi Jinping calls for a tough response to corruption it’s hailed as innovative policy, but when ordinary people say the same in public, his government regards it as subversion,” said Sophie Richardson, China director at Human Rights Watch. “The fight against graft and for the rule of law rest in part on respect for freedom of expression and assembly, not the suppression of those rights.”
On March 31, police detained four activists in Beijing: journalist Hou Xin, securities trader Yuan Dong, retiree Zhang Baocheng, and bus driver-turned-inventor Ma Xinli.
They were detained for “illegal assembly” after holding large banners with slogans such as “require officials to publicly disclose assets” and “unless we put an end to corrupt officials, the ‘China Dream’ can only be daydreams,” in Xidan Cultural Plaza in Beijing’s Xicheng district. Accountant Wang Yonghong unfurled a similar banner calling for asset disclosure in Beijing on April 14; he was taken into custody the next evening for “disturbing social order.” In the following days, Beijing authorities also took into custody activists who are suspected of having participated in or organized the campaign, including legal scholar Sun Hanhui, writer Zhao Changqing, lawyer Ding Jiaxi, activist Li Wei and activist Qi Yueying. With the exception of Qi Yueying, who was detained for “extortion,” the rest were taken into custody for “illegal assembly.”
Since May 7, except for Hou Xin, who is on bail, nine of these activists – Zhang Baocheng, Ma Xinli, Yuan Dong, Zhao Changqing, Ding Jiaxi, Qi Yueying, Li Wei, Wang Yonghong, and Sun Hanhui – have been formally arrested. Qi Yueying is currently being held in Chaoyang District Detention Center while the others are all held in Beijing No.3 Detention Center. Police have questioned them about their “asset disclosure campaign,” according to some of their lawyers.
On April 22, in Jiangxi Province’s Xinyu City, a group of activists demonstrated in support of the detained Beijing activists and of the nationwide campaign to call for officials to disclose their assets. On April 27, Jiangxi police took some of them into custody. Among those, five – Liu Ping, Wei Zhongping, Li Sihua, Li Xuemei, and Zou Guiqin – remain in detention. Liu Ping has been formally arrested for “illegal assembly,” while Li Sihua and Wei Zhongping have been detained for “inciting subversion of state power.” But the precise charges against Li Xuemei and Zou Guiqin remain unclear. They are believed to be held in Xinyu Detention Center.
Although article 35 of the Chinese constitution guarantees citizens’ right to assembly, the 1989 Law on Assembly, Procession, and Demonstration (the Assembly Law), and the 1992 implementing regulations, outline a series of restrictive requirements that in application effectively bar citizens from exercising the right. Under the regulations, all demonstrations must be approved by the police; however, in practice, police in China rarely approve public protests, particularly ones that seem likely to be critical of the government. In some instances, people who apply for approval are not only denied permission, but are also harassed or detained for making the application.
Since formally assuming power in March 2013, President Xi Jinping has described fighting corruption as one of his top priorities. Most recently, his efforts appear to have targeted lavish displays of wealth such as banquets, and led to the removal from office of a number of high-ranking government officials, such as the deputy head of the National Development and Reform Commission.
However, Chinese activists and citizens are campaigning for the government to go further, urging that it pass a law requiring government officials to disclose their assets. In December 2012, a group of intellectuals drafted a public letter calling on Chinese Communist Party Central Committee members to disclose their assets; over 7,000 people signed. Activists have also displayed banners and handed out fliers across the country, and encouraged participation in this loosely organized, national “asset disclosure campaign.”
Activists across the country have demonstrated support for those recently detained in Beijing and Jiangxi Province. A number of lawyers have organized teams of lawyers to offer legal advice and representation to these individuals, and in Shanghai and Beijing, petitioners gathered and displayed banners calling for the release of these activists. A group of well-known activists involved in the asset disclosure campaign issued a public letter to the Chinese government to call for the government to release the activists and implement the asset disclosure policies.
“We urge the government to drop all charges and release all human rights defenders currently in custody simply for peacefully exercising their freedoms of expression and assembly,” said Andrew Anderson, deputy director of Front Line Defenders.
